Congo–Rwanda Peace Agreement: Trump’s Mediation Brings New Hope for Africa
In a significant turning point for African diplomacy, US President Donald Trump has facilitated a major breakthrough as the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Rwanda signed the Washington Accords. Under the deal, Rwanda has pledged to end its support for the M23 rebels, while the Congolese government has committed to neutralising the Hutu militia group FDLR. Calling it “a great day for the world”, President Trump assured both nations of enhanced economic cooperation.
US Eyes Strategic Mineral Resources
Following the agreement, the Trump administration announced fresh investment opportunities for American companies in the vast mineral reserves of Congo and Rwanda, including cobalt and rare earth elements. Analysts say the move could boost the economies of both African nations while helping the US reduce its dependence on China. The US Chamber of Commerce has already begun discussions on joint ventures across mining, energy and tourism sectors.
Ground Situation Still Tense
Although the Congo–Rwanda peace agreement is being hailed as a major diplomatic achievement, the situation on the ground remains fragile. As of the morning of 5 December, clashes continued between the Congolese forces and Rwanda-backed M23 rebels in the Goma and Bukavu regions of eastern Congo. President Félix Tshisekedi described the accord as “an important step”, but questioned Rwanda’s commitment. Meanwhile, Rwandan President Paul Kagame praised Trump’s role and called the development “a move towards lasting stability”.
African Union and Qatar’s Diplomatic Involvement
The African Union and Qatar played crucial backchannel roles in shaping the deal. Building on the preliminary framework reached in June 2025, both countries are now set to expand cooperation in power generation, mining and infrastructure. With Qatar’s support, the M23 faction has been brought into a separate negotiation track, raising hopes of temporary stability in the conflict-hit region.
A Difficult Road Ahead
Experts believe the Washington Accords mark a symbolic gain, but lasting peace will require concrete confidence-building measures on the ground. If Congo and Rwanda demonstrate genuine commitment, the agreement could pave the way for a new phase of development and stability in Central Africa.
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